Learning Outcomes

BACKGROUND

Learning is knowledge or skill acquired by instruction or study (Merriam-Webster’s, n.d.).  It is understanding the why or concept and also the how or application.   In his book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People, Stephen Covey suggests we “begin with the end in mind.”

Likewise establishing learning outcomes or knowing where you’re going, is the best first step in creating learning curriculums and instructional plans. Understanding what a learner should get out of an experience, provides a “framework for the facilitator to match a particular way of learning” (Davis and Arend, 2013, p. 33) to a learning outcome ultimately leading to the selection of the most effective facilitation techniques.

EFFECTIVENESS

Well defined learning outcomes enhance learner motivation clarifying:

  • What learners can expect “to know” at the end of the experience
  • What learners can anticipate being able “to do” at the end of an experience

USE & EXAMPLES

One method to consider when writing learning outcomes is the A. B. C. D. method. This approach includes the following considerations:

  • Audience: Who will attend this training?
  • Behavior: What behavior, knowledge, tool, or skills will the participant need to learn or leverage? 
  • Condition: What will the participant be given/learn/use to meet the objective? What will the facilitator/instructor need to provide/teach? 
  • Degree: What does mastery look like? How will you know the participant “got it” or is executing on the new behavior? 

Included below are sample learning outcomes including labels to support you in identifying each component: 

Sample Learning Outcome: After watching a video on writing self-assessments, leveraging an action verb list, and a key effectiveness areas guide (C) employees (A) will be able to research, reflect and record accomplishments, strengths and learnings (B). This will enable employee’s to clearly depict their performance (D) aiding supervisor’s in understanding employee impact on the organization. 

Sample Learning Outcome: After a lesson on how to use the Story Evaluation Worksheet (C) editorial team members (A) will be able to use a Story Evaluation Worksheet to examine controversial new stories for biases and blind spots (B). These editorial team members will also be able to propose alternate points of view (B) producing balanced and centered new stories (D) allowing viewers to draw their own conclusions.

RESOURCES

There are many resources available to guide facilitators in writing clear learning outcomes, also referred to as objectives. The Arizona State University Objective Builder is among the most comprehensive.  The following resources highlight the most popular leaders in adult education and structures for identifying learning outcomes.

REFERRENCES

Covey, S. R., (2015). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Mango Media Inc. Davis, B. D., & Arend, J. D. (2013). 

Facilitating Seven Ways of Learning: Stylus Publishing, LLC. Merriam-Webster. (n.d.) Learning. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved November 1, 2020,          from https://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary/learning     

 

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